The dominant grass species in an African grassland ecosystem are star grass and red oat grass.
- Star grass is eaten by antelope species, such as topi and Thomson's gazelle.
- Smaller animals such as mice and grasshoppers feed on red oat grass.
- Topi and Thomson's gazelle are eaten by predators such as cheetahs, lions and serval cats.
- Grasshoppers and mice are eaten by serval cats and tawny eagles.
- Vultures feed on dead mammals.

Fig. 1.1 shows part of the food web for this ecosystem.

Fig. 1.1 shows a pyramid of biomass and part of the carbon cycle.

The dominant grass species in an African grassland ecosystem are star grass and red oat grass.
- Star grass is eaten by antelope species, such as topi and Thomson's gazelle.
- Smaller animals such as mice and grasshoppers feed on red oat grass.
- Topi and Thomson's gazelle are eaten by predators such as cheetahs, lions and serval cats.
- Grasshoppers and mice are eaten by serval cats and tawny eagles.
- Vultures feed on dead mammals.

Fig. 1.1 shows part of the food web for this ecosystem.

Phytoplankton are microorganisms that photosynthesise.

The diagram shows energy flow through an ecosystem.

In what form is energy transferred at X ?

What is the principal source of energy input into an ecosystem?

Where does the energy being transferred along a food chain originally come from?

The diagram shows the flow of energy through living organisms.

Which term should be placed in both boxes to complete the diagram?

Energy flows through a food chain.
In which form does the energy first enter the food chain?