EduNinja
[Maximum number: 3]

Fig. 2.1 shows a dwarf sunflower and a tall sunflower, Helianthus annuus. The height of the dwarf sunflower is 0.45 m and the height of the tall sunflower is 4.5 m .

not to scale

not to scale

Dwarf plants like the one in Fig. 2.1 have mutant alleles.

(a)

Fig. 2.3 shows how several strawberry plants can be formed from one parent plant.

Fig. 2.3

Fig. 2.3

[ 3 ]
(i)

Explain the type of reproduction that produces plants by the method shown in Fig. 2.3.

[ 3 ]
(ii)

Explain the disadvantages of the type of reproduction shown in Fig. 2.3.

[Maximum number: 4]

Fig. 2.1 is a photograph of a spider plant, Chlorophytum comosum. Spider plants can reproduce by producing an identical plantlet, which grows away from the single parent plant.

Fig. 2.1

Fig. 2.1

(a)
(i)

Describe the advantages and disadvantages of asexual reproduction in a population of spider plants in the wild.

[ 4 ]
(a)

Fig. 2.1 shows some flowers of a snapdragon plant, Antirrhinum majus.
Snapdragons are insect-pollinated plants.

Fig. 2.1

Fig. 2.1

[ 3 ]
(i)

Suggest why self-pollination might be advantageous to a population of plants.

[ 3 ]
[Maximum number: 1]

What is an advantage of asexual reproduction for a population of flowering plants in the wild?

A

A disease is less likely to affect the whole population.

B

Large numbers of offspring can be produced quickly.

C

Pollen can easily be transferred within the same flower.

D

The offspring show genetic variety.

(a)

Sugarcane is a crop plant that is usually grown from stem cuttings rather than from seeds. Describe the advantages of using cuttings rather than seeds to reproduce crop plants.

[ 3 ]
[Maximum number: 1]

Asexual reproduction can be used to produce crops.
Why might a disease be likely to spread throughout the whole crop?

A

crop plants are genetically different

B

crop plants are genetically identical

C

many offspring are produced

D

offspring are produced quickly

[Maximum number: 1]

What is an advantage, for an organism, of using asexual reproduction?

A

Disease spreads rapidly.

B

It does not cause variation.

C

It easily adapts to environmental change.

D

Population increases rapidly.

[Maximum number: 1]

Crop plants produced by asexual reproduction are identical. This can be a disadvantage.
Which statements describe disadvantages?
1 Crop plants are produced rapidly.
2 A disease could kill all of the plants.
3 Only one parent is needed.
4 The plants cannot adapt to environmental changes.

A

1 and 2

B

1 and 3

C

2 and 4

D

3 and 4

[Maximum number: 1]

The diagram shows one parent H y d r a growing and releasing an offspring from the side of its body.

Question image

Which row is correct?

parent and
offspring are
genetically identical

involves asexual
reproduction

key

✓ = yes

x = no

✓

✓

✓

χ\boldsymbol{\chi}

χ\boldsymbol{\chi}

✓

χ\boldsymbol{\chi}

χ\boldsymbol{\chi}

[Maximum number: 1]

Which statement about asexual reproduction would be a disadvantage for a farmer growing crop plants?

A

Desirable qualities are shown throughout the crop.

B

No pollinators are required.

C

Only one parent plant is required so growth is rapid.

D

All of the crop plants have the same risk of disease.

0