[Maximum number: 3]

Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2 are photomicrographs of sections through the leaves of two different plants.

Fig. 1.1 Fig. 1.2 is a photomicrograph of a section through a leaf of Himalayan cedar, Cedrus deodara.

Fig. 1.2 Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2 are not shown at the same magnification.

(a)

Cells labelled A, B and C in Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2 each form a different tissue.

Name each tissue formed.
tissue formed from A
tissue formed from B
tissue formed from C
tissue formed from C

[ 3 ]

(a)

Fig. 1.1 shows a section through part of a dicotyledonous leaf of the tea plant Camellia sinensis.

Fig. 1.1

On Fig. 1.1, use label lines and letters to label each of the following parts:
X - xylem tissue
P - palisade mesophyll tissue.

[ 2 ]

(a)

Fig. 1.1 shows a section through part of a dicotyledonous leaf of the tea plant Camellia sinensis.

Fig. 1.1

On Fig. 1.1, use label lines and letters to label each of the following parts:
X - xylem tissue
P - palisade mesophyll tissue.

[ 2 ]

[Maximum number: 3]

Fig. 1.1 is a photomicrograph of a low power image of part of the common sunflower, Helianthus annuus. Fig. 1.1 is a transverse section.

Fig. 1.1

(a)

When structure B is observed at a higher magnification, more detail of xylem vessel elements and phloem sieve tube elements can be seen.

Outline the differences in the structure of a xylem vessel element and a phloem sieve tube element.

[ 3 ]

(a)

Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of a nephron.

Fig. 1.1

Label Fig. 1.1 using:
- one labelling line and the letter A to identify a region that contains urine
- one labelling line and the letter B to identify a region that contains podocytes
- one labelling line and the letter C to identify a region of the nephron that is within the medulla of the kidney
- one labelling line and the letter D to identify the afferent arteriole.

[ 4 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Fig. 1.1 is a photomicrograph of a transverse section through the stem of creeping buttercup, Ranunculus repens.

Fig. 1.1

(a)

Draw one label line on Fig. 1.1 to indicate one precise location where phloem sieve tubes occur.

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 3]

Fig. 2.1 shows a drawing made from an electron micrograph of two adjacent cells in a leaf.

Fig. 2.1

(a)

Fig. 2.1 shows two plasmodesmata connecting the adjacent cells.

Describe the roles of plasmodesmata in transport in plants.

[ 3 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Nerium oleander is a xerophytic plant. A photomicrograph of a section through the leaf of N. oleander is shown in Fig. 3.1.

Fig. 3.1

(a)

Name the cells specialised for the transport of assimilates in N. oleander.

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 4]

Fig. 3.1 shows part of a transverse section of a root of Ranunculus repens.

Fig. 3.1

(a)

Name tissues A to D.

A

B

C

D

[ 4 ]

[Maximum number: 3]

Fig. 3.1 is a photomicrograph of a transverse section through a leaf from a tea plant, Camellia sinensis.

Fig. 3.1

(a)

Use label lines and the letters X, Y and Z to label the following features on Fig. 3.1.

X a cell of the upper epidermis
Y a palisade mesophyll cell
Z a guard cell

[ 3 ]