IB Economics HL 4.9.2 Economic barriers to growth & development
IB Economics HL 4.9.2 Economic barriers to growth & development
Students practise explaining how economic barriers—including primary dependency, capital flight and informal economies—constrain growth through instability, underinvestment or…
How this is tested
- explain how commodity dependence hinders growth through inelastic demand and volatile prices
- define these barriers and link them to lower productivity and weaker formal output
- explain how capital flight cuts investment and increases exchange rate instability