IB ESS 5.1.3 Soil profiles & horizons

IB Environmental Systems and Societies syllabusESS SL/HLFirst assessment 2026

Practise reading soil profiles and horizons as evidence of long-term system interactions, erosion risk and land management needs.

How this is tested

interpret a soil or slope context to choose a conservation method that reduces erosion
explain how horizon structure reflects transfers, transformations and organic matter changes

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