IB ESS 2.1.9 Population interactions
IB ESS 2.1.9 Population interactions

IB Environmental Systems and Societies syllabusESS SL/HLFirst assessment 2026
Practise analysing population interactions, estimating abundance, and judging how sampling methods affect reliability in real ecosystems.
How this is tested
- apply mark-release-recapture or the Lincoln index to estimate a population size
- explain how trapping, marking or animal behaviour can affect sampling reliability
- use field data to link herbivory, predation or competition to population change
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