IB ESS 1.3.8 GDP limitations
IB ESS 1.3.8 GDP limitations

IB Environmental Systems and Societies syllabusESS SL/HLFirst assessment 2026
Practise reading GDP data alongside resource production and judging why GDP per capita can hide environmental costs and unsustainable growth.
How this is tested
- state relationships between GDP and oil production from data trends
- explain why GDP per capita may miss natural capital loss or pollution costs
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