IB ESS 8.1.7 Age-sex pyramids

IB Environmental Systems and Societies syllabusESS SL/HLFirst assessment 2026

Practise reading age-sex pyramids as population models, comparing cohorts and using proportions to infer population structure.

How this is tested

interpret an age-sex pyramid to compare dependent and working-age groups
describe how cohort shape indicates growth, ageing or possible population decline

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