IB ESS 3.2.1 Threats to biodiversity
IB ESS 3.2.1 Threats to biodiversity

IB Environmental Systems and Societies syllabusESS SL/HLFirst assessment 2026
Practise explaining direct and indirect biodiversity threats using species data, trend deviations, invasive species impacts and ecosystem case evidence.
How this is tested
- explain why species groups differ in threat level using traits, habitat needs and Figure data
- interpret extinction trends or IUCN evidence to link human impacts with biodiversity loss
- describe how overharvesting, habitat loss, pollution or invasive species alter food webs
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