IB ESS 2.2.7 Heat generation
IB ESS 2.2.7 Heat generation

IB Environmental Systems and Societies syllabusESS SL/HLFirst assessment 2026
Practise explaining why energy transfer is inefficient, with respiration and waste reducing energy available to higher consumers.
How this is tested
- explain decreasing energy transfer along a food chain through heat loss, respiration and waste
- link non-food material ingestion to reduced energy intake and starvation in consumers
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