D3.1.12—Seed dispersal and germination
Seed dispersal moves offspring away from parents, while germination requires water, oxygen and suitable temperature to mobilize stored food reserves.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2025
- Objective
- D3.1.12
- Level
- HL
Exam analysis
Chance of appearing12%of analysed past papers
Latest appearanceMay 2024
Most common paperPaper1
Typical marks1–3
Common command terms
- Identify
- Outline
Scoring notes
- Common mistake
- Listing water, oxygen and temperature without explaining their biological roles.
Recent exam appearances
May 2024Paper2 ["HL"] · TZ13(c)(ii)[ 2 ]D3.1.12—Seed dispersal and germination
May 2024Paper2 ["HL"] · TZ13(c)(i)[ 1 ]D3.1.12—Seed dispersal and germination
May 2023Paper1 ["HL"] · TZ132[ 1 ]D3.1.12—Seed dispersal and germination
May 2022Paper1 ["HL"] · TZ234[ 1 ]D3.1.12—Seed dispersal and germination
November 2021Paper1 ["HL"] · TZ034[ 1 ]D3.1.12—Seed dispersal and germination
Practice this objective
Coverage 2013–2024 · Updated 16 Jul 2026
Concept essentials
- Water uptake is the first step that reactivates metabolism in a dry seed.
- Gibberellin stimulates amylase production during germination of starchy seeds.
- Cotyledons store reserves used for embryo growth during germination.