IB Physics SL C.4.3 Strings & pipes

Practise harmonic calculations for strings and pipes by linking the standing-wave pattern to wavelength, length, and frequency.

Syllabus
First assessment 2025
Objective
—
Level
SL

Exam points

  • choose the correct `lambda-L` equation from the standing-wave diagram for a string or open or closed pipe
  • use `v = f lambda` with the harmonic pattern to calculate a missing wavelength or harmonic frequency
  • compare pipe end conditions to decide which length gives the same first harmonic at the same sound speed

C.4.3—Strings and pipes question 1

[Maximum number: 3]

Question (a)

(a)

A loudspeaker emits sound of frequency 210 Hz into a pipe with one open and one closed end. The diagram shows a representation of the standing wave established in the pipe.

Figure for Question (a) — IB Physics SL
[ 1 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Determine the wavelength of the wave.

[ 1 ]

Question (b)

(b)

The frequency of sound is reduced to 140 Hz . Explain why a standing wave will not be formed in the pipe.

[ 2 ]
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