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CAIE A-Level Chemistry AS Organic Conventions and Functional Groups

CAIE A-Level Chemistry AS Organic Conventions and Functional Groups
Cambridge International AS & A Level Chemistry 9701 syllabus for exams in 2028, 2029 and 2030Chemistry 97012028–2030

Practise reading syllabus organic notation and recognising functional groups from displayed, structural or skeletal formulae.

Exam points

  • interpret X as a halogen and R or R′ as alkyl groups or hydrogen in generic structures
  • identify each functional group from its defining atom sequence rather than from the compound name alone
  • distinguish aldehyde, ketone, acid and ester carbonyl environments in multifunctional molecules

Question 4(d)(i)

[Maximum number: 1]

The structure of compound Y is shown.

Question image

Samples of organic compounds, A, B, C and D, are placed in unlabelled bottles.
A
CH3CH2COCH3\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{COCH}_{3}
B
CH3(CH2)2CHO\mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CHO}
C
CH3CH2OH\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}
D
CH3CO2H\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}

Identify all of the compound(s), A-D, that contain a carbonyl group.

Question 4(a)(ii)

[Maximum number: 1]

1,3-dichloropropan-2-ol can be made by reacting M.

Question image

Name the functional group present in M that changes during this reaction.

Question 5(c)(i)

[Maximum number: 1]

Compound W has molecular formula C4H10O\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}. It contains only one functional group.

Y is a structural isomer of W.

Both W and Y produce colourless bubbles when sodium is added to them.
Y does not react when heated with acidified K2Cr2O7\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}.
Y does not react when warmed with alkaline I2(aq)I_{2}(a q).

Name the functional group present in Y.

Question 4(c)(i)

[Maximum number: 1]

Compound V is a liquid.
V contains 77.2 % carbon, 11.4 % hydrogen and 11.4 % oxygen by mass.
V has a relative molecular mass of 280 .

W, X and Y have the same molecular formula, C5H10O\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}.

W, X and Y are added separately to different reagents. Observations for these reactions are described in Table 4.1.

Table 4.1

Table 4.1

W, X and Y each contain a common functional group.

Name the functional group that is present in all three compounds.

Question 6(a)(iv)

[Maximum number: 1]

V shows stereoisomerism.

Fig. 6.1

Fig. 6.1

Name all the functional groups present in V.

Question 5

Question 5(b)

(a)

A and B are structural isomers with molecular formula C5H10O\mathrm{C}_{5} \mathrm{H}_{10} \mathrm{O}.

They are both straight-chained molecules with only one functional group.
Table 5.1 describes observations when separate samples of A and B are added to different reagents.

Table 5.1

Table 5.1

[ 1 ]

Question 5(b)(i)

(i)

Name the functional group present in both A and B.

[ 1 ]

Question 5(d)

(b)

D reacts in the presence of a sulfuric acid catalyst to form E and water.

The structure of E is shown in Fig. 5.1.

Fig. 5.1

Fig. 5.1

[ 1 ]

Question 5(d)(i)

(i)

Name the functional group present in E.

[ 1 ]

Question 6(a)

[Maximum number: 1]

Three bottles of colourless liquids labelled F, G and H contain separate pure samples of the compounds ethanal, propanal or propanone but not necessarily in that order.

State the functional group in ethanal, propanal and propanone.