[Maximum number: 1]

Iron is a transition element in the fourth period. Iron forms compounds containing the ions $\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}$ and $\mathrm{Fe}^{3+}$ .

(a)

(i)

Complete the electronic configuration of an isolated gaseous $\mathrm{Fe}^{2+}$ ion.
$1 \mathrm{~s}^{2}$

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

A simple ion $X^{+}$ contains eight protons.
What is the electronic configuration of $\mathrm{X}^{+}$ ?

A

$1 s^{2} \quad 2 s^{1} \quad 2 p^{6}$

B

$\begin{array}{rrr}1 s^{2} & 2 s^{2} & 2 p^{3}\end{array}$

C

$1 s^{2} \quad 2 s^{2} \quad 2 p^{5}$

D

$\begin{array}{rrr}1 s^{2} & 2 s^{2} & 2 p^{7}\end{array}$

[Maximum number: 1]

A Group 2 metal combines with bromine to form a crystalline solid, $\mathrm{MBr}_{2}$ .
Excess aqueous $\mathrm{AgNO}_{3}$ is added to a solution of $\mathrm{MBr}_{2}$ and a precipitate forms. The mixture is filtered. The precipitate is dried and the mass of the precipitate is recorded.

(a)

Separate 1.0 g samples of three different magnesium salts are tested in order to identify the anion present in each sample.

[ 1 ]

(i)

Complete the electron configuration of the magnesium cation present in these salts.
$1 \mathrm{~s}^{2}$

[ 1 ]

(a)

The most common zinc mineral contains zinc(II) sulfide, ZnS .

[ 1 ]

(i)

Complete the electrons in boxes diagram in Fig. 1.1 to show the electronic configuration of a zinc(II) ion.

Fig. 1.1

[ 1 ]

(a)

An aqueous solution of chromium(III) contains the green $\left[\mathrm{Cr}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)_{6}\right]^{3+}$ complex ion.

[ 1 ]

(i)

Complete the electronic configuration of an isolated, gaseous $\mathrm{Cr}^{3+}$ ion.
$1 \mathrm{~s}^{2}$

[ 1 ]

(a)

The most common oxidation states of cobalt are +2 and +3 .
Complete the electronic configurations of the following free ions.
- $\mathrm{Co}^{2+}$ [Ar]
- $\mathrm{Co}^{3+}$ [Ar]

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Use of the Data Booklet is relevant to this question.
Atoms of element X have six unpaired electrons.
What could be element X ?

A

carbon

B

chromium

C

iron

D

selenium

[Maximum number: 3]

Gallium is an element in Group 13.
A sample of gallium is analysed using a mass spectrometer. The mass spectrum produced is shown.

(a)

Complete the table which describes a gaseous atom of gallium.

[ 3 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

In the Periodic Table, the p block contains elements whose outer electrons are found in the p subshell.

(a)

Elements in the p block show a general increase in first ionisation energy as the atomic number increases.

[ 1 ]

(i)

Draw the shape of a p orbital.

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 2]

Copper is a transition element and has atomic number 29.

(a)

Complete the electronic configuration for the copper atom and the copper ion in the +2 oxidation state.
- copper atom
- copper ion in the +2 oxidation state
[Ar]
[Ar]

[ 2 ]

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