IGCSE Chemistry Extended 2.3.1—Isotopes as different atoms of the Topic Practice

• Define isotopes as different atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

[Maximum number: 2]

Protons, neutrons and electrons are subatomic particles.

Bromine has two isotopes.

Define the term isotope.

[Maximum number: 1]

This question is about elements X, Y and Z.

What term is used to describe atoms of the same element with different numbers of particles in the nucleus?

[Maximum number: 2]

The table shows the numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons in particles A to I.

Answer the following questions about particles A to I. Each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all.

Explain why B and C are isotopes of the same element.

[Maximum number: 1]

This question is about the structures of atoms and ions.

What term is used to describe atoms of the same element, such as ${ }_{12}^{24} \mathrm{Mg}$ and ${ }_{12}^{26} \mathrm{Mg}$ ?

[Maximum number: 3]

Six different atoms can be represented as follows.
${ }_{1}^{3} \mathrm{~A}$ ${ }_{2}^{3} \mathrm{D}$ ${ }_{6}^{12} E$ ${ }_{6}^{13} \mathbf{G}$ ${ }_{7}^{14} \mathrm{~J}$ ${ }_{9}^{19}$ L

(a)

Two of the six atoms shown are isotopes of each other.

[ 3 ]

(i)

What is meant by the term isotopes?

[ 2 ]

(ii)

Which two of the six atoms shown are isotopes of each other?

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 3]

The following are isotopes of carbon.
${ }_{6}^{12} \mathrm{C}$ ${ }_{6}^{13} \mathrm{C}$ ${ }_{6}^{14} \mathrm{C}$

In terms of numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons, how are these three isotopes the same and how are they different?

They are the same because

They are different because