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Structure 1. Models of the particulate nature of matter

Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure

2.1 The ionic model

2.2 The covalent model

2.2.1—Covalent bonding

2.2.2—Bond types and strength

2.2.3—Coordination bonds

2.2.4—VSEPR model

2.2.5—Bond polarity

2.2.6—Molecular polarity

2.2.7—Covalent network structures

2.2.8—Intermolecular forces (IMF)

2.2.9—IMF strength and properties

2.2.10—Chromatography

2.2.11 (HL)—Resonance structures

2.2.12 (HL)—Benzene (C₆H₆)

2.2.13 (HL)—Expanded octets

2.2.14 (HL)—Formal charge

2.2.15 (HL)—Sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds

2.2.16 (HL)—Hybridization

2.3 The metallic model

2.4 From models to materials

Structure 3. Classification of matter

Reactivity 1. What drives chemical reactions?

Reactivity 2. How much, how fast and how far?

Reactivity 3. What are the mechanisms of chemical change?

IB/Chemistry/HL//Concept/Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure/2.2 The covalent model/2.2.10—Chromatography

Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure

Syllabus: First assessment 2025
Section: —
Level: HL

Exam analysis

Most tested topics

The ionic model
The covalent model
The metallic model
From models to materials