IB Biology HL B2.1.5 Osmosis and Aquaporins Question Bank
Practise IB Biology HL B2.1.5 through questions that extend osmosis into aquaporin regulation, gradients and data interpretation.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2025
- Course
- Biology HL
- Level
- HL
Practise IB Biology HL B2.1.5 through questions that extend osmosis into aquaporin regulation, gradients and data interpretation.
In the early 1990s, investigations involving egg cells from the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) led to the discovery of membrane channel proteins called aquaporins.
In one investigation, scientists injected 10 frog egg cells with a solution containing mRNA encoding for an aquaporin, and another 10 frog egg cells with distilled water (control cells). All the frog egg cells were then incubated in a hypotonic solution. The volume of the frog egg cells was then measured during a period of five minutes.
The graph shows the mean results of the investigation.

State the direction of net movement of water across the plasma membrane of all the frog egg cells between 0 and 3 minutes.
into the cell/cytoplasm / in / inwards;
Explain the reasons for the different results obtained for the frog egg cells with aquaporin mRNA and the control frog egg cells.
a. cells injected with mRNA have (more) aquaporins (in the membrane);
b. aquaporins transport water by osmosis
OR
down the water potential gradient / from high to low water potential OR
from hypotonic to hypertonic solution;
c. aquaporins (are protein channels) facilitate the uptake of water;
d. increased/excess water uptake causes cell size to increase/(ultimately) burst;
a. Allow vice versa.
2 max