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IB Biology HL B4.1 Populations and Communities Question Bank

Practise IB Biology HL B4.1 with population and community data questions on interactions, biodiversity, ecological change and sustainability.

Syllabus
First assessment 2025
Course
Biology HL
Level
HL

Exam points

  • analyse population and community data using carrying capacity, interactions and ecological change
  • explain biodiversity patterns with sampling, succession and environmental evidence
  • evaluate ecosystem stability using abundance, distribution and sustainability data

Covered syllabus points

B4.1.1—Habitat definitionB4.1.2—Adaptations to abiotic environmentB4.1.3—Abiotic variables affecting distributionB4.1.4—Range of tolerance of limiting factorB4.1.5—Coral reef formation conditionsB4.1.6—Terrestrial biome distributionB4.1.7—BiomesB4.1.8—Adaptations to hot deserts and tropical rainforest

B4.1 Adaptation to environment question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

The distribution of native grasses in a temperate arid region of Mendoza, Argentina, was studied in six habitats (I to VI) at different altitudes. The table shows the presence (+) or absence (-) of the species in each habitat.

Table for Question B4.1 Adaptation to environment question 1 — IB Biology HL

Question (a)

(a)

Suggest one abiotic factor, other than altitude, that could be affecting the distribution of species in the different habitats.

[ 1 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Define habitat.

[ 1 ]

B4.1 Adaptation to environment question 2

[Maximum number: 2]

The diagram shows a nephron from a mammal.

Figure for Question B4.1 Adaptation to environment question 2 — IB Biology HL

Outline two adaptations for water conservation in leaves of desert plants.

B4.1 Adaptation to environment question 3

[Maximum number: 4]

The model describes the fundamental and realized niches of a species of microscopic marine arthropod in the Northern hemisphere with respect to two different factors ( X and Y ). The abundance of the species is shown over twelve months. The fundamental niche is separated into five zones ranging from critical to optimal conditions. The population of the species in its realized niche each month is represented by an oval. The size of each oval shows the population abundance.

Figure for Question B4.1 Adaptation to environment question 3 — IB Biology HL

Question (a)

(a)

Outline how factor Y affects the species from January to April.

[ 2 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Suggest, with a reason, what factor Y could be.

[ 2 ]
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