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IB Biology HL B3.2 Transport Question Bank

Practise IB Biology HL B3.2 by linking transport structures to pressure, cardiac cycles, xylem, phloem and mass-flow evidence.

Syllabus
First assessment 2025
Course
Biology HL
Level
HL

Exam points

  • compare artery, vein and capillary structure with pressure, return flow and exchange functions
  • explain cohesion-tension and xylem adaptations that maintain water transport from roots to leaves
  • identify xylem, phloem and vascular-bundle positions in stem or root diagrams
  • trace blood through single or double circuits and use valve and pressure changes to explain the cardiac cycle
  • explain phloem translocation using sieve tubes, companion cells, active loading and pressure flow

Covered syllabus points

B3.2.1—Capillary adaptationsB3.2.2—Artery and vein structureB3.2.3—Artery adaptationsB3.2.4—Pulse rate measurementB3.2.5—Vein adaptationsB3.2.6—Coronary artery occlusionB3.2.7—Water transport in plantsB3.2.8—Xylem vessel adaptationsB3.2.9—Stem tissue distributionB3.2.10—Root tissue distributionB3.2.11 (HL)—Tissue fluid in capillariesB3.2.12 (HL)—Exchange between tissue fluid and cellsB3.2.13 (HL)—Lymph ductsB3.2.14 (HL)—Single vs. double circulationB3.2.15 (HL)—Mammalian heart adaptationsB3.2.16 (HL)—Cardiac cycle stagesB3.2.17 (HL)—Root pressure generationB3.2.18 (HL)—Phloem adaptations

B3.2 Transport question 1

[Maximum number: 3]

Explain how the structure of capillaries relates to their functions.

B3.2 Transport question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

Which characteristic of the subclavian vein distinguishes it from the subclavian artery?

A

Larger lumen

B

Absence of valves

C

Presence of pores

D

Two layers of muscle

B3.2 Transport question 3

[Maximum number: 2]

Hypertension (blood pressure exceeding 140 mmHg ) affects millions of people worldwide. Many modern societies consume more sodium in the form of salt (NaCl) than is required for normal physiology. The effect of changing the levels of dietary sodium has been studied in various organisms.

Scientists recorded the blood pressure changes in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) fed a diet without added sodium (control) or a sodium supplemented diet (experimental) as follows
- 5 grams of salt per day from December 1991 until May 1992
- 10 grams of salt per day until June 1992
- 15 grams of salt per day until August 1993
after which no more salt was added to the diet until the experiment ended.

Figure for Question B3.2 Transport question 3 — IB Biology HL

Blood pressure is measured in the arteries. Explain how arteries are adapted to withstand increases in blood pressure.

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