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CAIE A-Level Chemistry 1.4.2 Ionisation-Energy Equations

Practise constructing first and successive ionisation equations with correct gas states, charges and one released electron.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Chemistry 9701
Level
AS

Exam points

  • write the first equation as X(g) → X+(g) + e− using a gaseous atom
  • for the nth ionisation, begin with X(n−1)+(g) and form Xn+(g) plus one electron
  • increase ionic charge by exactly one and keep every atomic or ionic species gaseous

1.4.2—Equations to represent first, second question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

Nitrogen and phosphorus are elements in Group 15 of the Periodic Table.

Fig. 3.1 shows a sketch of some of the ionisation energies of phosphorus, P.

Fig. 3.1

Fig. 3.1

Construct an equation to represent the third ionisation energy of P.

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