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IB Biology SL C4.1.13 Endemic Vs Invasive Species Questions

Use named alien species, endemic populations and control data to trace release, establishment, competition, food-web disruption and biodiversity impacts in IB Biology SL C4.1.13.

Syllabus
First assessment 2025
Course
Biology SL
Level
SL

Exam points

  • Define endemic and invasive alien species, distinguishing a species native to a restricted area from one introduced beyond its natural range.
  • Explain how release, rapid reproduction, absent predators or broad niches allow an invasive species to establish, outcompete endemic or native species and reduce biodiversity.
  • Evaluate ecological impacts or control evidence for named invasive species, including competition, predation, food-web disruption and biological-control risks.

IB Biology SL C4.1.13 Endemic Vs Invasive Species Questions question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

12. A survey was made of the intertidal zone at Butter Lump Bay, Great Cumbrae, Scotland. The three species of barnacle found were Elminius modestus (EM), Chthamalus montagui (CM) and Semibalanus balanoides (SB). The kite diagram shows the vertical distribution of these three species from the low tide mark at 0 m to 2.25 m above low tide.

Figure for Question IB Biology SL C4.1.13 Endemic Vs Invasive Species Questions question 1 — IB Biology SL

E. modestus is an invasive barnacle while the others are native species. Analyse the data to show how it supports this statement.

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