IB Biology SL C3.1 Integration of Body Systems Questions
Practise IB Biology SL C3.1 by tracing reflex pathways and explaining feedback control of ventilation, heart rate and body responses.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2025
- Course
- Biology SL
- Level
- SL
Practise IB Biology SL C3.1 by tracing reflex pathways and explaining feedback control of ventilation, heart rate and body responses.
The diagram shows a biofilm that has formed on a tooth.
Using the diagram, explain the concept of emergent properties of biofilms.
«in biofilms» bacteria exhibit «emergent» properties not predictable from the individual components of the system
OR
biofilm exhibits its own properties, quite different in comparison with those shown by the single species
biofilms form when bacteria adhere to surface of tooth and begin to excrete an EPS/extracellular polymeric substances/exopolysaccharides
formation of EPS maintains bacteria together «in biofilm»
interspecies relationships are favourable
OR
one species produces growth factors for/facilitates attachment of another species
individual forces are low but the overall binding force can exceed that of covalent bonds
glue properties/cohesiveness given by different types of bonding
biofilms show resistance to antibiotics/other pathogen
Why do multicellular organisms have emergent properties?
They have more genes than unicellular organisms.
Properties of unicellular organisms are enhanced by having many cells.
All of their genes are expressed whereas unicellular organisms express only some.
They show properties that can only result from the interaction of many cells.
D
Draw a labelled diagram showing the interconnections between the liver, gall bladder, pancreas and small intestine.
Official answer image from the markscheme.
Pancreas linked to small intestine by pancreatic duct;
pancreas and small intestine both must be labelled.
Gall bladder shown associated with liver and linked to small intestine by bile duct;
gall bladder and small intestine must be labelled.
Bile and pancreatic ducts joined together before discharging in small intestine.
Ducts are to be drawn as double-line structures.