IB Biology SL C1.2 Cell Respiration Questions

Practise IB Biology SL C1.2 by comparing aerobic and anaerobic respiration, ATP use, oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide evidence and respirometer data.

Exam points

explain ATP energy transfer, hydrolysis and regeneration
relate ATP hydrolysis to active transport, movement and cellular work
explain ATP synthesis from ADP and inorganic phosphate in respiration
define cellular respiration and relate oxygen, carbon dioxide and ATP across its stages
compare human aerobic and anaerobic respiration by site, products and ATP supply
interpret variables and rate experiments affecting respiration

Covered syllabus points

C1.2.1—ATP distributes energy C1.2.2—Life processes using ATP C1.2.3—ATP ↔ ADP interconversions C1.2.4—Cell respiration system C1.2.5—Anaerobic vs. aerobic respiration in humans C1.2.6—Variables affecting rate

[Maximum number: 1]

How do cells capture the energy released by cell respiration?

They store it in molecules of carbon dioxide.

They produce glucose.

The energy is released as pyruvate.

They produce ATP.

[Maximum number: 2]

This micrograph shows a transverse section of an artery.

x100

(a)

State one process that produces ATP.

[ 1 ]

(b)

Outline the use of ATP.

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Which process causes ADP to change to ATP?

Hydrolysis

Protein synthesis

DNA replication

Anaerobic cell respiration

[Maximum number: 1]

This micrograph shows a transverse section of an artery.

x100

Outline the use of ATP.

[Maximum number: 2]

Describe cell respiration in terms of metabolism.

a. cell respiration is metabolism because enzymes control the reactions
b. energy is released from complex molecules to make ATP
c. respiration is catabolic (metabolism);
OR complex molecules become simpler;
OR
$\mathrm{C}_{6} \mathrm{H}_{12} \mathrm{O}_{6} \text { to } \mathrm{CO}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$

[Maximum number: 1]

State how an oxygen debt is created.

[Maximum number: 6]

A student carried out an investigation to test cell respiration in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Bottles were filled with 5 g of yeast and $80 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}$ of water maintained at $40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ . A different mass of sucrose was added to each bottle: 5,15 and 30 g respectively.

Bottles were left for 15 minutes before attaching a standard balloon to the opening of each bottle. After 45 minutes, the circumference of each balloon was measured using a string. The volume of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ was calculated. Three trials per treatment were performed.

The diagram shows one trial, and the graph shows the mean of three trials.

(a)

State the independent variable.

[ 1 ]

(b)

Suggest a reason for waiting 15 minutes before attaching the balloons.

[ 1 ]

(c)

Outline a reason for keeping the temperature at $40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ .

[ 1 ]

(d)

Suggest a conclusion of this experiment.

[ 1 ]

a. higher masses of sucrose prevent respiration/fermentation;
b. higher mass (of sucrose), less volume (of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ ) produced;
c. negative relationship between sucrose mass and respiration;
OWTTE

(e)

Explain how the method could have been carried out more effectively by the student.

[ 2 ]

Candidate gives modification for 1 mark and 1 mark for reason. The reason must match the modification.
a. include a control of $0 \mathrm{~g} /$ without sucrose;
b. to compare other results;
OR
c. use more masses of sucrose;
d. to get intermediate values;
OR
e. more trials/samples/replicates;
f. to increase reliability / take mean/average / identify outliers/anomalies / enable statistical analysis / example of statistical analysis;
OR
g. use a different method to measure carbon dioxide;
h. to avoid errors in measuring gas volume (with balloons);
g and h. may be with an example such as. collect gas under water using measuring cylinder, use a gas pressure sensor;
syringe. airlock, respirometer or by measuring the pH .

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Covered syllabus points

Question 1

Question 2

Question (a)

Question (b)

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question (a)

Question (b)

Question (c)

Question (d)

Question (e)