IB Biology HL C1.2.5 Anaerobic Vs Aerobic Respiration in Humans Topic Practice

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Study C1.2.5—Anaerobic vs. aerobic respiration in humans conceptsOpen the corresponding Concept lesson for explanations, examples and exam connections.

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Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

cell respiration is the controlled release of energy from organic compounds to form ATP;

aerobic	anaerobic
requires $\mathrm{O}_{2}$	does not require $\mathrm{O}_{2}$ ;
in (cytoplasm and) mitochondrion	in cytoplasm;
$\mathrm{O}_{2}$ reduced	pyruvate reduced;
high yield of ATP	low yield of ATP;
high yield of NADH $\left(+\mathrm{H}^{+}\right) /$ FADH ${ }_{2}$ produced	low/er yield of NADH $\left(+\mathrm{H}^{+}\right)$ / no $\mathrm{FADH}_{2}$ ;
end products $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ and $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$	end products ethanol and $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ (yeast/plants) / lactate (animals/humans);
can use fats/proteins (or sugars)	can only use sugars;
involves oxidative phosphorylation/electron transport chain	does not involve oxidative phosphorylation/electron transport chain;
involves Krebs cycle	does not involve Krebs cycle;

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