EduNinja

EduNinja

1. Cell Structure

1.1 The Microscope in Cell Studies

1.2 Cells as Basic Units of Living Organisms

2. Biological Molecules

2.1 Testing for Biological Molecules

2.2 Carbohydrates and Lipids

2.3.1—Amino acids and peptide bonds

2.3.2—Protein structure levels

2.3.3—Interactions holding protein shape

2.3.4—Globular proteins

2.3.5—Fibrous proteins

2.3.6—Haemoglobin quaternary structure

2.3.7—Haemoglobin function

2.3.8—Collagen structure

2.3.9—Collagen structure and function

3. Enzymes

3.1 Mode of Action

3.2 Factors Affecting Enzyme Action

4. Cell Membranes and Transport

4.1 Fluid Mosaic Membranes

4.2 Movement Into and Out of Cells

5. The Mitotic Cell Cycle

5.1 Replication and Division

5.2 Chromosome Behaviour in Mitosis

6. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

6.1 Structure of Nucleic Acids and DNA Replication

6.2 Protein Synthesis

7. Transport in Plants

7.1 Structure of Transport Tissues

7.2 Transport Mechanisms

8. Transport in Mammals

8.1 The Circulatory System

8.2 Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

9. Gas Exchange

9.1 The Gas Exchange System

10. Infectious Diseases

10.1 Infectious Diseases

10.2 Antibiotics

11. Immunity

11.1 The Immune System

11.2 Antibodies and Vaccination

Practical assessment skills

Paper 3 Advanced Practical Skills

Mathematical and statistical skills

AS and A Level mathematical requirements

A-Level CAIE Biology AS 2.3.6—Haemoglobin quaternary structure Question Bank

2.3.6—Haemoglobin quaternary structure

• Haemoglobin structure: quaternary structure with 2α-globin chains, 2β-globin chains, haem group

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