IB Biology HL 2.2.2 Resting potential generation Question Bank

a. sodium-potassium pump

b. sodium $/ \mathrm{Na}^{+}$out and potassium $/ \mathrm{K}^{+}$in

OR

sodium $/ \mathrm{Na}^{+}$concentration higher outside and potassium $/ \mathrm{K}^{+}$higher inside

c. three $\mathrm{Na}^{+}$pumped for every two $\mathrm{K}^{+}$(hence negative inside)

OR

inside of axon holds negative ions/ $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$ions/negatively charged proteins/organic anions (hence negative inside)

d. by active transport / using ATP

e. inside (of axon/neuron) is negative in comparison to outside

OR

electrochemical concentration/charge difference (across the membrane) is the resting potential

f. resting potential is -70 mV

4 max