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IB Biology HL B4.2.12 Fundamental Vs Realized Niche Questions

Explore how tolerance limits define potential conditions and how competition or competitive exclusion changes the realized niche occupied by a species in IB Biology HL B4.2.12.

Syllabus
First assessment 2025
Course
Biology HL
Level
HL

Exam points

  • Distinguish a fundamental niche as all potential conditions permitted by adaptations and tolerance limits from a realized niche as the actual conditions occupied.
  • Interpret competition or competitive-exclusion evidence to explain how interactions narrow the realized niche, including changes in overlap or occupied range.

IB Biology HL B4.2.12 Fundamental Vs Realized Niche Questions question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

The model describes the fundamental and realized niches of a species of microscopic marine arthropod in the Northern hemisphere with respect to two different factors ( X and Y ). The abundance of the species is shown over twelve months. The fundamental niche is separated into five zones ranging from critical to optimal conditions. The population of the species in its realized niche each month is represented by an oval. The size of each oval shows the population abundance.

Figure for Question IB Biology HL B4.2.12 Fundamental Vs Realized Niche Questions question 1 — IB Biology HL

Distinguish between fundamental niche and realized niche.

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