IB Biology SL B3.2 Transport Questions

Practise IB Biology SL B3.2 by linking capillary exchange and coronary-artery changes to blood-vessel structure and xylem water movement.

Exam points

Relate narrow, branched capillaries and thin walls to exchange; interpret capillary-density data.
Compare artery and vein structure, linking wall tissues, lumens and valves to pressure and return flow.
Trace coronary plaque and thrombus to occlusion, reduced myocardial oxygen supply and infarction.
Explain root-to-leaf xylem water movement using transpiration pull and vessel adaptations.

[Maximum number: 3]

Explain how the structure of capillaries relates to their functions.

[Maximum number: 1]

The diagram shows a cross section through an artery and a vein.

Identify which of the two labelled blood vessels is the artery, giving a reason for your answer.

[Maximum number: 3]

This micrograph shows a transverse section of an artery.

x100

Explain how the specialized structures of arteries help them to achieve their functions.

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a	arteries carry blood at high pressure;
b	rupture of arteries is prevented by thick muscular/elastic walls;
c	narrow lumen to maintain a high blood pressure;
d	elastic tissue allows artery to stretch and recoil (to even out pressures);
e	arteries have muscle layers which contract to increase/control the blood flow;
f	folding in the endothelium allows stretching OR smooth endothelium reduces friction;

a	X as it has muscular/thicker walls;
b	X as it has a smaller lumen (than Y);