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CAIE A-Level Chemistry 19.2.3 Nitrile Hydrolysis

Practise converting nitriles into carboxylic acids using dilute acid or alkaline hydrolysis followed by acidification.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Chemistry 9701
Level
AS

Exam points

  • with dilute aqueous acid and heat, form the carboxylic acid and an ammonium salt
  • with dilute alkali and heat, form the carboxylate and NH3 before acidifying to –COOH
  • retain the nitrile carbon as the carboxyl carbon and balance water and acid or alkali in equations

19.2.3—Hydrolysis of nitriles with dil. acid or dil. question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

Compounds P and Q are structural isomers.

Fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.3 shows a synthesis starting from T, a different isomer of R and S.

Fig. 4.3

Fig. 4.3

Reaction 2 is a hydrolysis reaction.

Construct an equation for reaction 2 .
(C2H5)2CHCN\left(\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5}\right)_{2} \mathrm{CHCN}

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