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CAIE A-Level Chemistry AS 19.2.1 Preparation of Nitriles Questions

Practise CAIE 9701 preparing nitriles by heating a halogenoalkane with potassium cyanide in ethanol, including the extra carbon from CN−.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Chemistry 9701
Level
AS

Exam points

  • select KCN in ethanol with heat for nucleophilic substitution of the halogen by CN
  • draw the nitrile with one additional carbon because the carbon atom of CN− joins the chain
  • distinguish the –C≡N connectivity of a nitrile from an isocyanide arrangement

CAIE A-Level Chemistry AS 19.2.1 Preparation of Nitriles Questions question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

Chloroethane can be used to make sodium propanoate.

 chloroethane → intermediate Q→ sodium propanoate \text { chloroethane → intermediate } \mathrm{Q} \rightarrow \text { sodium propanoate }

Intermediate Q is hydrolysed with boiling aqueous NaOH to give sodium propanoate.
Which reagent would produce intermediate Q from chloroethane?

A

concentrated ammonia solution

B

dilute sulfuric acid

C

hydrogen cyanide in water

D

potassium cyanide in ethanol

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