ConceptConceptDocsDocuments

CAIE IGCSE Biology 21.1 Bacteria in Biotechnology & Genetic Modification

Practise bacteria-in-biotechnology questions by explaining rapid reproduction, complex molecule production, plasmids and ethical advantages.

Syllabus
2026–2028
Course
Biology 0610

Exam points

  • explain rapid bacterial reproduction and complex-molecule production in biotechnology
  • identify plasmids as circular bacterial DNA used to insert or transfer genes
  • link plasmids and fewer ethical concerns to bacterial use in genetic modification

21.1 Biotechnology and genetic modification question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

Fig. 5.1 shows some of the stages in the reproduction of the bacterium Escherichia coli.

Fig. 5.1

Fig. 5.1

Bacteria are useful in genetic engineering because they contain plasmids.

List two reasons, other than the presence of plasmids, that make bacteria and single-celled fungi useful to biotechnology industries.

1
2

21.1 Biotechnology and genetic modification question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

The diagram shows a bacterial cell.

Which cell structure makes bacteria useful in genetic modification?

Figure for Question 21.1 Biotechnology and genetic modification question 2 — CAIE IGCSE Biology

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every

reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the

publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.

To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge

Assessment International Education Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download

at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

Cambridge Assessment International Education is part of Cambridge Assessment. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of the University of Cambridge

Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is a department of the University of Cambridge.

All question bank results loaded