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CAIE IGCSE Biology 7 Human Nutrition

Practise balanced-diet, digestion and absorption questions using food data, alimentary-canal diagrams and enzyme evidence.

Syllabus
2026–2028
Course
Biology 0610

Covered syllabus points

7.1 Diet7.2 Digestive system7.3 Physical digestion7.4 Chemical digestion7.5 Absorption

7. Human nutrition question 1

[Maximum number: 15]

A balanced diet is required to ensure healthy weight gain as children grow.

Question (a)

(a)

Explain the term balanced diet.

[ 3 ]

Question (b)

(b)

A doctor diagnosed a young child with marasmus.

Describe the symptoms of marasmus.

[ 3 ]

Question (c)

(c)

The child with marasmus was put on a special diet.

He was given fortified milk, which is milk that has extra nutrients added to it.
The child was encouraged to drink as much fortified milk as he wanted over a period of seven months.

Table 4.1 shows the composition of the fortified milk given to the child and the composition of cow's milk for comparison.

Table 4.1

Table 4.1

The body mass of the child who had marasmus and the mean body mass of healthy children of the same age were recorded. The data is shown in Fig. 4.1.
body mass/kg

Fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.1

Using the information in Table 4.1 and Fig. 4.1, describe and explain the importance of diet when treating children affected by marasmus.

[ 6 ]

Question (d)

(d)

It is important that children with marasmus produce enough bile.

Describe the role of bile in the digestion of fats.

[ 3 ]

7. Human nutrition question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

The diagram shows part of the alimentary canal.

Figure for Question 7. Human nutrition question 2 — CAIE IGCSE Biology

Which row correctly identifies the structures labelled J to M ?

J

K

L

M

oesophagus

pancreas

small intestine

stomach

pancreas

small intestine

stomach

oesophagus

small intestine

stomach

oesophagus

pancreas

stomach

oesophagus

pancreas

small intestine

7. Human nutrition question 3

[Maximum number: 13]

Question (a)

(a)

Fig. 1.1 shows part of the human digestive system.

Fig. 1.1

Fig. 1.1

[ 6 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Using label lines and the letters shown, identify on Fig. 1.1:
- the organ that produces bile and label it A
- the organ that stores bile and label it B.

[ 2 ]

Question (ii)

(ii)

Describe physical digestion.

[ 2 ]

Question (iii)

(iii)

State the names of two places where physical digestion occurs in the body.

1

2

[ 2 ]

Question (b)

(b)

Bile is involved in fat digestion.

[ 5 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Complete the sentences about fat digestion.

Bile is released into the in the digestive system. Bile increases the surface area of fats and oils. This is called This increase in surface area increases the rate of digestion using the enzyme .

[ 4 ]

Question (ii)

(ii)

State the names of the products of fat digestion.

[ 1 ]

Question (c)

(c)

Explain the role of bile in the breakdown of protein by trypsin.

[ 2 ]

7. Human nutrition question 4

[Maximum number: 2]

Fig. 1.1 shows the movement of particles through an epithelial cell in the small intestine.

Fig. 1.1

Fig. 1.1

In Fig. 1.1, particle R moves from the lumen of the small intestine into the epithelial cell.

Suggest why particle R cannot be starch.

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