CAIE IGCSE Biology 10.1 Diseases and Immunity Questions

1 (vaccine contains) harmless / attenuated / dead / AW, form of, (named) pathogen / antigen ;
2 (antigens/vaccine) stimulate an immune response ;
3 ref to lymphocytes ;
4 lymphocytes / white blood cells, make antibodies ;
5 ref to specificity ;
6 production of memory cells ;
7 rapid, immune response / AW, if exposed to same, pathogen / antigen ;
8 gives long-term immunity ;
9 AVP ;

1 bacteria may still be present (in the population) ;
2 in carriers / in people who have no symptoms ;
3 infected people moving into the, country / area / AW ;
4 if few people are, immune / vaccinated, bacterium is more likely to be transmitted ;
5 idea of herd immunity ;
6 some people cannot respond to, antigens / vaccines ;
7 protects people who travel to other countries ;
8 booster vaccinations are sometimes required) / AW ;
MP5 A new people arriving in a
country (who are not vaccinated)
MP6 e.g. people with
HIV / babies / elderly

1 antibodies are made of protein ;
2 proteins / antibodies, are digested / denatured, in the alimentary canal ;
3 direct route to site of infection ;

1 no (active) immune response ;
2 no memory cells ;
3 antibodies are broken down in the body ;
4 antibodies are not made by body's own lymphocytes ;

food ;
contaminated surfaces ;
animals ;
air ;
water ;
soil ;

skin / epidermis ;
hairs in nose ;
mucous membrane ;
mucus ;
ear wax ;