D2.3.1—Solvation with water
Water solvates ions and polar solutes by forming hydration shells, reducing free water movement and lowering effective water availability in solutions.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2025
- Objective
- D2.3.1
- Level
- SL
Concept essentials
- Water forms hydration shells around ions and polar solutes.
- Hydrogen bonding and charge attraction associate water with solute particles.
- Solutes reduce the amount of freely moving water.
- Solvation helps explain why solutes lower water potential.
ConceptIB Biology SL