IB Biology HL C2.1.6 Hl Transmembrane Vs Intracellular Receptors Questions

Compare how hydrophilic peptide hormones activate cell-surface receptors and intracellular relays with steroid hormones that cross membranes and alter transcription.

Exam points

Explain that peptide hormones bind transmembrane receptors because they do not enter target cells.
Relate peptide-hormone receptor binding to second messengers, reaction cascades and altered enzyme activity.
Explain that steroid hormones cross the plasma membrane, bind intracellular receptors and regulate gene transcription.

[Maximum number: 3]

Distinguish between the mode of action of steroid hormones and peptide hormones.

Steroid hormones	Peptide hormones
enter the cell/pass through the plasma membrane	do not enter the cell/pass through the plasma membrane
bind to receptor in cytoplasm	bind to receptor on plasma membrane surface
act directly on DNA	act through second messenger/cAMP
directly affect gene transcription	influence enzyme activity/protein kinase

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IB Biology HL C2.1.6 Hl Transmembrane Vs Intracellular Receptors Questions question 1