IB Biology HL B4.1.2 Adaptations to Abiotic Environment Questions

Explore how plants and animals conserve water, tolerate salinity and maintain gas exchange under dry, saline or waterlogged conditions in IB Biology HL B4.1.2.

Exam points

Explain how xerophyte leaves and roots—including rolled or hairy leaves, thick cuticle, reduced leaf area, sunken stomata or extensive roots—reduce water loss and improve survival in dry or windy habitats.
Relate desert-animal behaviour and nitrogenous-waste choice, such as nocturnal activity, burrowing, concentrated urine or uric acid, to osmolarity and conservation of scarce water.
Explain how saline or waterlogged plants use ion compartmentalization or salt excretion and aerial roots or pneumatophores for salt balance and gas exchange in mangrove or coastal habitats.

[Maximum number: 2]

The diagram shows a nephron from a mammal.

Figure for Question IB Biology HL B4.1.2 Adaptations to Abiotic Environment Questions question 1 — IB Biology HL

Outline two adaptations for water conservation in leaves of desert plants.

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IB Biology HL B4.1.2 Adaptations to Abiotic Environment Questions question 1