CAIE A-Level Economics 8.1.2 Government failure

CAIE A-Level Economics 8.1.2 Government failure
Cambridge International AS & A Level Economics 9708 syllabus for exams in 2026, 2027 and 20282026–2028

Practise recognising when intervention worsens allocation, creates side effects or leaves social costs above social benefits.

How this is tested

  • distinguish government failure from successful correction of a market failure
  • link poor information, incentives or side effects to reduced economic welfare

Question 12

[Maximum number: 1]

To reduce the damage done by cigarette smoking, the government of a country increases the indirect tax on cigarettes and makes it illegal to smoke in public.

Which combination of circumstances is most likely to result in government failure in its attempt to reduce the damage done by cigarette smoking?

price elasticity of
demand for cigarettes

government spending
on law enforcement

> 1

high

> 1

low

< 1

high

<1

low