CAIE A-Level Economics 4.1.2 GDP, GNI & NNI

CAIE A-Level Economics 4.1.2 GDP, GNI & NNI
Cambridge International AS & A Level Economics 9708 syllabus for exams in 2026, 2027 and 20282026–2028

Practise calculating and interpreting GDP, GNI and NNI from national accounts data, income flows and real-world output contexts.

How this is tested

  • calculate GDP or GNI from tables using domestic output and overseas income flows
  • distinguish GDP, GNI and NNI when transfer payments or depreciation appear
  • use output data to calculate shares or changes in national income

Question 16

[Maximum number: 1]

Which source of income is not included in measuring real GDP?

A

pension paid to retired people

B

profits made by firms

C

rent paid to landlords

D

wages paid to nurses