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CAIE IGCSE Biology 3.3.1 Definition of Active Transport

Practise stating and recognising active transport as energy-dependent particle movement against a concentration gradient.

Syllabus
2026–2028
Course
Biology 0610

Exam points

  • describe movement through a cell membrane from lower to higher particle concentration
  • state that this movement goes against the concentration gradient and uses energy from respiration
  • use both gradient direction and energy evidence to justify active transport in an unfamiliar diagram

3.3.1—Active transport as the movement question 1

[Maximum number: 3]

Fig. 1.1 shows several villi from the ileum, which is part of the small intestine.

Fig. 1.2 shows the tip of a villus in more detail.

Fig. 1.2

Fig. 1.2

The epithelial cells of the villi absorb nutrients by diffusion and active transport.

Describe how active transport differs from diffusion.

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