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CAIE IGCSE Biology 18.2.3 Hydrophyte & Xerophyte Adaptations

Practise explaining how hydrophyte and xerophyte structures suit aquatic or water-limited environments.

Syllabus
2026–2028
Course
Biology 0610

Exam points

  • use images or tables to identify rolled leaves, hairs, sunken stomata or a thick cuticle
  • explain how xerophyte leaf and root features reduce water loss or improve water uptake
  • link hydrophyte air spaces and upper-surface stomata to life in water

18.2.3—Adaptive features of hydrophytes question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

Question (a)

(a)

Fig. 3.3 is a photomicrograph of a cross-section of part of a xerophyte leaf.

Fig. 3.3

Fig. 3.3

[ 2 ]

Question (i)

(i)

Describe one way the leaves of xerophytes are adapted to their environment.

[ 1 ]

Question (ii)

(ii)

Describe one way the roots of xerophytes are adapted to their environment.

[ 1 ]
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