IB Biology SL B4.1.2 Adaptations to Abiotic Environment Topic Practice

a. aerial/upwards/vertical roots/pneumatophores / lenticels/pores;

b. for gas exchange/respiration;

ALTERNATIVE 1

c. thick impermeable outer layer/suberin;

d. reduce salt absorption;

ALTERNATIVE 2

e. (root) cells can accumulate solutes;

f. reduce water loss due to osmosis/dehydration;

ALTERNATIVE 3

g. buttress/prop/stilt roots;

h. increase stability in swampy/muddy soils;

Marking guidance:

Max 1 mark for correct feature or explanation alone.

Explanation must match adaptation for 2 marks.

a: Accept surface roots or roots out of the water.

e: Accept reverse osmosis.

g: Do not accept deep/long/tangled roots.

2
max