IB Biology SL 3.4.2 Mangrove Adaptations Question Bank
Practise IB Biology SL 3.4.2 by explaining how aerial roots and salt glands help mangrove trees survive waterlogged, saline swamps.
- Syllabus
- First assessment 2025
- Course
- Biology SL
- Level
- SL
Practise IB Biology SL 3.4.2 by explaining how aerial roots and salt glands help mangrove trees survive waterlogged, saline swamps.
The image shows a cast of the lower surface of a leaf from a busy Lizzie (Impatiens walleriana) plant as seen under a light microscope with a magnification of 600×.

Explain one feature of tree roots that help trees to survive in mangrove swamps.
a. aerial/upwards/vertical roots/pneumatophores / lenticels/pores;
b. for gas exchange/respiration;
ALTERNATIVE 1
c. thick impermeable outer layer/suberin;
d. reduce salt absorption;
ALTERNATIVE 2
e. (root) cells can accumulate solutes;
f. reduce water loss due to osmosis/dehydration;
ALTERNATIVE 3
g. buttress/prop/stilt roots;
h. increase stability in swampy/muddy soils;
Marking guidance:
Max 1 mark for correct feature or explanation alone.
Explanation must match adaptation for 2 marks.
a: Accept surface roots or roots out of the water.
e: Accept reverse osmosis.
g: Do not accept deep/long/tangled roots.
2
max