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IB Biology SL 3.4.3 Abiotic Factors and Distribution Question Bank

Practise IB Biology SL 3.4.3 by linking abiotic factors such as light, pH, temperature and moisture to limiting growth and species distribution.

Syllabus
First assessment 2025
Course
Biology SL
Level
SL

Exam points

  • Identify abiotic limits and explain how light, pH, temperature or moisture change distribution.
  • Use transects and data to relate an abiotic gradient to species abundance or cover.

B4.1.3—Abiotic variables affecting distribution question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

The tundra ecosystem in Finnish Lapland has a short growing season and a mean temperature of −2.0∘C-2.0^{\circ} \mathrm{C}. It is also naturally grazed by herbivores such as reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). Different quadrats were set up to include and exclude the reindeer in both normal and warmed temperatures. Open-topped warming chambers were used to heat both the soil and air in the warmed quadrats. The graph shows the changes in plant richness over five years.

Figure for Question B4.1.3—Abiotic variables affecting distribution question 1 — IB Biology SL

Identify two abiotic limiting factors on plant growth in a tundra ecosystem.

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