CAIE A-Level Chemistry AS 7.1.10 Conditions Used in the Haber Process Questions

to cool the incoming gas mixture to avoid overheating the catalyst

to cool the reaction products and separate the $\mathrm{NH}_{3}$ from unused $\mathrm{N}_{2}$ and $\mathrm{H}_{2}$

to warm the incoming gas mixture and shift the equilibrium to give more $\mathrm{NH}_{3}$

to warm the incoming gas mixture and speed up the reaction