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CAIE A-Level Chemistry 3.1 Electronegativity and Bonding

Practise using electronegativity differences and periodic trends to explain electron transfer, sharing and bond polarity.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Chemistry 9701
Level
AS

Exam points

  • define electronegativity as attraction for bonding electrons in a covalent bond
  • explain Period 3 or Group 16 trends using nuclear charge, radius and shielding
  • use electronegativity differences to compare ionic and covalent bonding in compounds

Covered syllabus points

3.1.1—Electronegativity3.1.2—Factors influencing the electronegativities3.1.3—The trends in electronegativity across3.1.4—The differences in Pauling electronegativity

3.1 Electronegativity and bonding question 1

[Maximum number: 3]

The Pauling electronegativity values of elements can be used to predict the chemical properties of compounds.

Use the information in Table 1.1 to answer the following questions.

Table 1.1

Table 1.1

Question (a)

(a)

Define electronegativity.

[ 1 ]

Question (b)

(b)

O and S are in Group 16 .

Explain the difference in the Pauling electronegativity values of O and S .

[ 2 ]

3.1 Electronegativity and bonding question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

Which diagram shows the electronegativity of the elements Na,Mg,Al\mathrm{Na}, \mathrm{Mg}, \mathrm{Al} and Si plotted against

their first ionisation energies?

A
A

A

B
B

B

C
C

C

D
D

D

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