CAIE A-Level Chemistry 16.1.2 Reactions of Alcohols

Practise alcohol combustion, substitution, sodium reaction, oxidation, dehydration and esterification equations.

Exam points

predict aldehyde then acid from a primary alcohol, ketone from secondary, and no mild oxidation for tertiary
distil to isolate a carbonyl product or reflux with excess oxidant to form a carboxylic acid
write sodium, dehydration, halogen substitution or esterification equations with the required conditions

[Maximum number: 1]

Fig. 4.1 shows how propane, $\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}$ , can be converted to propanoic acid, $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{COOH}$ .

Fig. 4.1

Reaction 3 takes place when $\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}$ is heated under reflux with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution.

Construct an equation to represent reaction 3. Use [O] to represent an atom of oxygen from the oxidising agent.

$\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}+2[\mathrm{O}] \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{COOH}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$

All question bank results loaded

16.1.2—Describe question 1