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CAIE A-Level Chemistry 15.1.3 Halogenoalkane Nucleophilic Substitution

Practise selecting hydroxide, cyanide, ammonia or silver nitrate reactions and drawing the substitution outcome.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Chemistry 9701
Level
AS

Exam points

  • use aqueous NaOH and heat for an alcohol, or KCN in ethanol and heat for a nitrile
  • use excess NH3 in ethanol under pressure for an amine and account for the ammonium-halide coproduct
  • use warm aqueous AgNO3 in ethanol to identify X from AgCl, AgBr or AgI precipitate colour

15.1.3—Nucleophilic substitution question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

Fig. 4.1 shows how propane, C3H8\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}, can be converted to propanoic acid, CH3CH2COOH\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{COOH}.

Fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.1

State the reagent and solvent required for reaction 2 .

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