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CAIE A-Level Chemistry AS 13.2 Characteristic Organic Reactions Questions

Practise classifying organic reactions and mechanisms from definitions, reagents, structures, products and electron-pair movement.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Chemistry 9701
Level
AS

Exam points

  • Recognise homologous-series, saturated/unsaturated and addition, substitution, elimination, hydrolysis or condensation terminology from an organic conversion.
  • Distinguish homolytic from heterolytic fission and identify free radicals, initiation, propagation and termination in mechanisms.
  • Identify nucleophiles and electrophiles from lone-pair or electron-pair donation/acceptance and classify the associated organic reaction.
  • Use oxidation and reduction terminology in organic equations, including [O] and [H] notation from oxidising or reducing agents.

Covered syllabus points

13.2.1—Organic reaction terminology13.2.2—Terminology associated with types

Question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

Fig. 4.1 shows how propane, C3H8\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}, can be converted to propanoic acid, CH3CH2COOH\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{COOH}.

Fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.1

Reaction 1 in Fig. 4.1 takes place in the presence of sunlight.

C3H8+Cl2→CH3CH2CH2Cl+HCl\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{8}+\mathrm{Cl}_{2} \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{Cl}+\mathrm{HCl}

The reaction takes place via initiation, propagation and termination steps.

Reaction 1 is initiated by the bond fission of Cl2\mathrm{Cl}_{2}.

State the type of bond fission shown in the initiation step.

Question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

Allyl chloride is an important chemical used in the manufacture of plastics, pharmaceuticals and pesticides.

allyl chloride

allyl chloride

A series of reactions starting from allyl chloride is shown.

Figure for Question 2 — CAIE A-Level Chemistry AS

State the name of the mechanism that occurs in reaction 3 .

Question 3

[Maximum number: 1]

Sucrose is a white crystalline solid, C12H22O11\mathrm{C}_{12} \mathrm{H}_{22} \mathrm{O}_{11}. In reaction Z, sucrose reacts with water in the presence of a catalyst, aqueous hydrochloric acid, to form glucose and fructose.

reaction Z

reaction Z

Suggest a name for the reaction that occurs when sucrose reacts with water to form glucose and fructose.

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