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CAIE A-Level Chemistry AS 13.1 Formulas Functional Groups and Nomenclature Questions

Practise recognising functional groups, switching between organic formula styles and applying systematic names.

Syllabus
2028–2030
Course
Chemistry 9701
Level
AS

Exam points

  • identify the functional group that controls the characteristic reactions of an organic compound
  • translate among molecular, structural, displayed and skeletal formulae without changing connectivity
  • choose the principal functional group, number the carbon chain and construct a systematic name

Covered syllabus points

13.1.1—Terms: hydrocarbon as a compound made up of C13.1.2—Alkanes are simple hydrocarbons with no13.1.3—Compounds in the table on pages 29 and 3013.1.4—Interpret/use the general, structural,13.1.5—Systematic nomenclature of simple aliphatic13.1.6—The molecular and/or empirical formula

Question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

Two hydrocarbons have the formulae CWHX\mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{W}} \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{X}} and CYHZ\mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{Y}} \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{Z}}. W, X, Y and Z represent different whole numbers.

WX=YZ\frac{W}{X}=\frac{Y}{Z}

Which row is correct when comparing the two hydrocarbons?

empirical formula

molecular formula

relative molecular mass

different

same

different

different

same

same

same

different

different

same

different

same

Question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

The formulae of three compounds are shown.

C3H7CHOC2H5COCH3CH2CHCH2CH2OH\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{CHO} \quad \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{COCH}_{3} \quad \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CHCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}

Only one of these compounds will decolourise bromine water. Only one of these compounds will produce a silver mirror with Tollens' reagent.

Which row shows the correct results?

decolourises bromine water

forms a silver mirror with Tollens' reagent

C3H7CHO\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{CHO}

C2H5COCH3\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{COCH}_{3}

C2H5COCH3\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{COCH}_{3}

C3H7CHO\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{CHO}

CH2CHCH2CH2OH\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CHCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}

C2H5COCH3\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{COCH}_{3}

CH2CHCH2CH2OH\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{CHCH}_{2} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}

C3H7CHO\mathrm{C}_{3} \mathrm{H}_{7} \mathrm{CHO}

Question 3

[Maximum number: 1]

In the general formula of which class of compound is the ratio of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms the highest?

A

alcohols

B

aldehydes

C

carboxylic acids

D

halogenoalkanes

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