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9. The Periodic Table: chemical periodicity

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  1. 9.1 Periodicity of physical properties of the elements in Period 3

    1. 9.1.1Period 3 physical property trends

      • Describe qualitatively (and indicate the periodicity in) the variations in atomic radius, ionic radius, melting point and electrical conductivity of the elements

    2. 9.1.2Variation in melting point and electrical

      • Explain the variation in melting point and electrical conductivity in terms of the structure and bonding of the elements

  2. 9.2 Periodicity of chemical properties of the elements in Period 3

    1. 9.2.1Reactions of the elements with oxygen (to

      • Describe/write equations: the reactions of the elements with oxygen (to give Na2O, MgO, Al2O3, P4O10, SO2), chlorine (to give NaCl, MgCl2, Al Cl 3, SiCl4, PCl5) and water (Na and Mg only)

    2. 9.2.2The variation in the oxidation number

      • State/explain: the variation in the oxidation number of the oxides (Na2O, MgO, Al2O3, P4O10, SO2 and SO3 only) and chlorides (NaCl, MgCl2, Al Cl 3, SiCl4, PCl5 only) in terms of their outer shell (valence) electrons

    3. 9.2.3Reactions/equations: the reactions, if any,

      • Describe/write equations: the reactions, if any, of the oxides Na2O, MgO, Al2O3, SiO2, P4O10, SO2 and SO3 with water, including the likely pHs of the solutions obtained

    4. 9.2.4Reactions/equations: the acid / base behaviour

      • Describe/explain/write equations: the acid / base behaviour of the oxides Na2O, MgO, Al2O3, P4O10, SO2 and SO3 and the hydroxides NaOH, Mg(OH)2 and Al (OH)3 including, where relevant, amphoteric behaviour in reactions with acids and bases (sodium hydroxide only)

    5. 9.2.5Reactions of the chlorides NaCl, MgCl2, Al

      • Describe/explain/write equations: the reactions of the chlorides NaCl, MgCl2, Al Cl 3, SiCl4, PCl5 with water including the likely pHs of the solutions obtained

    6. 9.2.6Variations and trends in 9.2.2, 9.2.3, 9.2.4

      • Explain the variations and trends in 9.2.2, 9.2.3, 9.2.4 and 9.2.5 in terms of bonding and electronegativity

    7. 9.2.7Suggest the types of chemical bonding present

      • Suggest the types of chemical bonding present in the chlorides and oxides from observations of their chemical and physical properties

  3. 9.3 Chemical periodicity of other elements

    1. 9.3.1The characteristic properties of an element

      • Predict the characteristic properties of an element in a given group by using knowledge of chemical periodicity

    2. 9.3.2The nature, possible position in the Periodic

      • Deduce the nature, possible position in the Periodic Table and identity of unknown elements from given information about physical/chemical properties