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19. Nitrogen compounds

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  1. 19.1 Primary amines

    1. 19.1.1

      • Recall preparation of amines: (a) reaction of a halogenoalkane with NH₃ in ethanol heated under pressure (Classification of amines will not be tested at AS Level).

  2. 19.2 Nitriles and hydroxynitriles

    1. 19.2.1Preparation of nitriles

      • Recall preparation of nitriles: (a) reaction of a halogenoalkane with KCN in ethanol and heat

    2. 19.2.2Preparation of hydroxynitriles

      • Recall preparation of hydroxynitriles: (a) the reaction of aldehydes and ketones with HCN, KCN as catalyst, and heat

    3. 19.2.3Hydrolysis of nitriles with dil. acid or dil.

      • Describe the hydrolysis of nitriles with dil. acid or dil. alkali followed by acidification to produce a carboxylic acid